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19-1528; Rev 1; 5/00
NUAL KIT MA ATION ET EVALU TA SHE WS DA FOLLO
Monolithic Voltage-Controlled Oscillators
General Description Features
o Fully Monolithic o Guaranteed Performance o On-Chip 50 Output Match o Wide Choice of Frequencies 855MHz to 881MHz (MAX2622) 885MHz to 950MHz (MAX2623) 947MHz to 998MHz (MAX2624) o +2.7V to +5.5V Single-Supply Operation o Low-Current Shutdown Mode o Smaller than Modules (8-Pin MAX Package)
MAX2622/MAX2623/MAX2624
The MAX2622/MAX2623/MAX2624 self-contained voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) combine an integrated oscillator and output buffer in a miniature 8-pin MAX package. The inductor and varactor elements of the tank circuits are integrated on-chip, greatly simplifying application of the part. In addition, the center frequency of oscillation and frequency span are factory preset to provide a guaranteed frequency range versus control voltage. An external tuning voltage controls the oscillation frequency. The output signals are buffered by an amplifier stage matched on-chip to 50. The MAX2622/MAX2623/MAX2624 operate from a +2.7V to +5.5V supply voltage and require only 8mA of supply current. In shutdown mode, the supply current is reduced to 0.1A.
Applications
866MHz to 868MHz European ISM Band (MAX2622) DECT 1/2 Frequency LO (MAX2623) 902MHz to 928MHz ISM Band, 10.7MHz IF (MAX2623) 902MHz to 928MHz ISM Band, 45MHz to 70MHz IF (MAX2624)
PART MAX2622EUA MAX2623EUA MAX2624EUA
Ordering Information
TEMP. RANGE -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C PIN-PACKAGE 8 MAX 8 MAX 8 MAX
Pin Configuration appears at end of data sheet.
Typical Operating Circuit
N.C. GND TUNE TUNE
OSCILLATOR CORE
OUT
OUT TO MIXER/ SYNTHESIZER
GND VCC
220pF
SHDN
SHDN
MAX2622 MAX2623 MAX2624
BIAS
VCC VCC 220pF
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
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Monolithic Voltage-Controlled Oscillators MAX2622/MAX2623/MAX2624
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
VCC to GND ..............................................................-0.3V to +6V TUNE, SHDN to GND .................................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) OUT to GND ...............................................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.6V) Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) 8-Pin MAX (derate 5.7mW/C above TA = +70C).....457mW Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40C to +85C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65C to +150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300C
Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Typical Operating Circuit, VCC = +2.7V to +5.5V, VTUNE = 1.4V, V SHDN = 2V, OUT = unconnected, TA = -40C to +85C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +3V, TA = +25C.) (Note 1) PARAMETER Supply Voltage Supply Current Shutdown Supply Current SHDN Input Voltage Low SHDN Input Voltage High SHDN Input Current Low SHDN Input Current High TUNE Input Current V SHDN 0.6V V SHDN 2.0V 0.4V VTUNE 2.4V 2.0 -0.5 -0.5 0.01 0.5 0.5 V SHDN 0.6V CONDITIONS MIN 2.7 8 0.1 TYP MAX 5.5 11.5 5 0.6 UNITS V mA A V V A A nA
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Typical Operating Circuit, VCC = +2.7V to +5.5V, VTUNE = 0.4V to 2.4V, V SHDN = 2V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values measured at VCC = +3V.) (Note 1) PARAMETER Oscillator Frequency Range CONDITIONS MAX2622, VTUNE = 0.4V to 2.4V, TA = -40C to +85C MAX2623, VTUNE = 0.4V to 2.4V, TA = -20C to +75C MAX2624, VTUNE = 0.4V to 2.4V, TA = -40C to +85C Phase Noise Noise Floor Maximum Tuning Gain (Note 2) Output Power Return Loss (Note 3) Harmonics Load Pulling Supply Pushing VSWR = 2:1, all phases VCC stepped from 2.8V to 3.3V VTUNE = 0.4V to 2.4V VTUNE = 0.4V (Note 3) fOFFSET = 100kHz fOFFSET = 1MHz MIN 855 885 947 -101 -119 -151 75 -3 -10 -27 0.75 280 100 TYP MAX 881 950 998 dBc/Hz dBm/Hz MHz/V dBm dB dBc MHzp-p kHz/V MHz UNITS
Note 1: Specifications are production tested at TA = +25C. Limits over temperature are guaranteed by design and characterization. Note 2: Tuning gain is measured at VTUNE = 0.4V with a 0.2V step to 0.6V. At low VTUNE, tuning gain is highest. Note 3: Measurements taken on MAX262_ EV kit.
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Monolithic Voltage-Controlled Oscillators
Typical Operating Characteristics
(VCC = +3.0V, VTUNE = 0.4V to 2.4V, V SHDN = 2V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX2622 VCO TUNING CURVE
MAX2622/23/24-05
MAX2622/MAX2623/MAX2624
MAX2623 VCO TUNING CURVE
MAX2622/23/24-06
MAX2624 VCO TUNING CURVE
MAX2622/23/24-07
1000
1050
1100
950 FREQUENCY (MHz) TA = -40C
1000 FREQUENCY (MHz) TA = -40C TA = +85C 900 TA = +25C
1050 FREQUENCY (MHz) TA = -40C 1000 TA = +85C TA = +25C
900
TA = +85C TA = +25C
950
850
950
800
850
900
750 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 VTUNE (V) 2.0 2.5 3.0
800 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 VTUNE (V) 2.0 2.5 3.0
850 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 VTUNE (V) 2.0 2.5 3.0
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX2622/23/24-01
SHUTDOWN SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX2622/23/24-02
10
2.0
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
9
SUPPLY CURRENT (A)
1.5
1.0
8
0.5
7 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 TEMPERATURE (C)
0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 TEMPERATURE (C)
PHASE NOISE
MAX2622-03
NORMALIZED HARMONIC OUTPUT SPECTRUM
= 29dBc = -48dBc OUTPUT POWER
MAX2622-04
-60 -70 PHASE NOISE (dBc) -80 -90 -100 -110 -120 -130 10 100 OFFSET FREQUENCY (kHz)
1000
fO
2fO FREQUENCY
3fO
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Monolithic Voltage-Controlled Oscillators MAX2622/MAX2623/MAX2624
Pin Description
PIN NAME N.C. TUNE GND SHDN VCC VCC OUT GND No Connection. Not internally connected. Oscillator Frequency Tuning Voltage Input. High-impedance input with a voltage input range of 0.4V (low frequency) to 2.4V (high frequency) adjustment. Ground Connection for Oscillator and Biasing. Requires a low-inductance connection to the circuit board ground plane. Shutdown Logic Input. A high-impedance input logic level low disables the device and reduces supply current to 0.1A. A logic level high enables the device. Output Buffer DC Supply Voltage Connection. Bypass with a 220pF capacitor to GND for best highfrequency performance. Bias and Oscillator DC Supply Voltage Connection. Bypass with a 220pF capacitor to GND for low noise and low spurious content performance from the oscillator. Buffered Oscillator Output Ground Connection for Output Buffer. Requires a low-inductance connection to the circuit board ground plane. FUNCTION
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2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Detailed Description
Oscillator
The MAX2622/MAX2623/MAX2624 VCOs are implemented as an LC oscillator topology, integrating all of the tank components on-chip. This fully monolithic approach provides an extremely easy-to-use VCO, equivalent to a VCO module. The frequency is controlled by a voltage applied to the TUNE pin, which is internally connected to the varactor. The VCO core uses a differential topology to provide a stable frequency versus supply voltage and improve the immunity to load variations. In addition, there is a buffer amplifier following the oscillator core to provide added isolation from load variations and to boost the output power.
Applications Information
Tune Input
The tuning input is typically connected to the output of the PLL loop filter. The loop filter is presumed to provide an appropriately low-impedance source. It may incorporate an extra RC filter stage to reduce high-frequency noise and spurious signals. Any excess noise on the tuning input is directly translated into FM noise, which can degrade the phase-noise performance of the oscillator. Therefore, it is important to minimize the noise introduced on the tuning input. A simple RC filter with low corner frequency is needed during testing in order to filter the noise present on the voltage source driving the tuning line.
Output Buffer
The oscillator signal from the core drives an output buffer amplifier. The amplifier is constructed as a common-emitter stage with an integrated on-chip reactive output match. No external DC blocking capacitor is required, eliminating the need for any external components. The output amplifier has its own VCC and GND pins to minimize load-pulling effects. The amplifier boosts the oscillator signal to a level suitable for driving most RF mixers.
Layout Issues
Always use controlled impedance lines (microstrip, coplanar waveguide, etc.) for high-frequency signals. Always place decoupling capacitors as close to the VCC pins as possible; for long VCC lines, it may be necessary to add additional decoupling capacitors located further from the device. Always provide a low-inductance path to ground, and keep GND vias as close to the device as possible. Thermal reliefs on GND pads are not recommended.
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Monolithic Voltage-Controlled Oscillators MAX2622/MAX2623/MAX2624
N.C.
MAX2622 MAX2623 MAX2624
GND
FROM SYNTHESIZER
TUNE
LOOP FILTER
OSCILLATOR CORE
OUT
OUT TO MIXER/ SYNTHESIZER
220pF VCC GND VCC SHDN SHDN BIAS VCC 220pF
Figure 1. Typical Application Circuit
Pin Configuration
TOP VIEW
N.C. 1 TUNE 2 GND 3
8 7
GND OUT VCC VCC
MAX2622 MAX2623 MAX2624
6 5
SHDN 4
MAX
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Monolithic Voltage-Controlled Oscillators MAX2622/MAX2623/MAX2624
Package Information
8LUMAXD.EPS
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